The similar phrase 'Worldly Christianity' is one used by Bonhoeffer. It's J Gresham Machen that I want to line up most closely with. See his Christianity and culture here. Having done commentaries on Proverbs (Heavenly Wisdom) and Song of Songs (Heavenly Love), a matching title for Ecclesiastes would be Heavenly Worldliness. For my stance on worldliness, see 3 posts here.

A Brakel on Self-denial

This summary is found here.See 73ff.
Chapter 65: Self-Denial

Self-denial Defined

Self-denial is a Christian virtue, granted by God to His children, whereby they - out of love for God's will - neither give heed to nor yield to their intellect, will, and inclinations insofar as they are in opposition to the will of God - and oppose and suppress them instead. They do so by a voluntary forsaking and rejection of all that pertains to their natural well-being, if God's cause demands such from them - this to the honor of God and the welfare of their neighbours (III: 397).

Self-denial is, first of all, a

Christian virtue. Pagans have observed that their inner peace has been disturbed by their lusts. Some therefore sought to extinguish them by way of reason and appeared to practice self-denial in regard to some things. However, it did not issue forth from the right motive--love for the will of God. They did not have the right objective in view, but rather it was a seeking of self (be it in a different manner than others), resting in this as their peace and seeking to be honoured by men. Their self-denial was thus a splendid sin which had a counterfeit lustre, and was not accompanied by deeds (III: 397-398).

Secondly, the moving cause of self-denial is the Lord and not man himself. Man is too deeply immersed in self-love to be able to rid himself there from. And even if he could divorce himself from this, he would then not be able to bring himself into the opposite virtuous disposition. Self-denial does not consist in a negation, but is rather a propensity (III: 398).

Thirdly, the subjects of self denial are the children of God. The unconverted are void of all spiritual life and therefore the motions and operation of life cannot come forth from them. Rather, it is a gift to God's children as presently being in a converted and believing state. They are those who are Christ's disciples and follow Him (Mat. 16:24). Self-denial does not consist in a few deeds, but is rather a propensity and disposition of the heart. Their heart has been turned away from self-love and a seeking of self--albeit imperfectly (III: 398).

What Self-Denial Is NOT

One must not deny his spiritual self, that is, one's regenerated self, which Paul refers to as I in Romans 7:20. This is the sin of many true - but nevertheless weak - believers: Upon falling into a sin, upon the arising of a sinful thought, and upon an assault by the devil, they immediately reject their spiritual state and think, "I have no grace; I have deceived myself and it has been nothing more than imagination." To do this is to deny received benefits and in some measure a grieving of the Holy Ghost. This is a manifestation of pride, for it suggests that we are naturally much more virtuous than others, as well as that the former good spiritual frames, motions, and deeds had come about by our own strength. Therefore, refrain from rejecting your spiritual state; preserve what you have, and render honour to God (III: 399).

We must also not deny the desire for the well-being of our soul, the fear of hell, the desire for faith, hope, and love, and a desire for communion with God and felicity. This was one of the erroneous arguments of the Labbadists whose activities the Lord has overturned (III: 399-400).

The Specific Aspects of Self-Denial

Instead one must deny his sinful self, that is, the old Adam, in a general sense, with all his motions and desires - whatever the nature and contrary to whatever commandment these motions may be, and whatever the faculty of the soul and of the body may be by which such motions are executed.

Specifically, one must, first of all, deny his natural and darkened intellect; that is, to refuse to make this a rule of doctrine and life.

Secondly, we must deny our own will.

Thirdly, we must deny our inclinations.

Fourthly, we must deny our own honour. There is no sin more common to man and is more deeply rooted in the heart than a desire to be honoured.

Fifthly, we must deny our desire for possessions. Man's corrupt nature focuses on the physical. He desires to posses much, puts his trust in it, and determines to live from it.

Sixthly, we must deny our friends.

Seventhly, we must deny our life (III: 400-402).

The Motivation for Self-Denial: Love for the Will of God

The essence of self-denial is that its acts ensue out of love for the will of God. It is the believer's desire neither to give heed to nor yield to his desires concerning the aforementioned matters, insofar as they are contrary to the will of God, but rather to oppose and purge himself of them (III: 402).

The Objective of Self-Denial: The Glory of God and the Welfare of the Neighbour

The objective of self-denial is to glorify God and to promote the welfare of the neighbour (III: 403).

The Unconverted and Unconverted Distinguished

A person who does not deny self

(1) is a slave of his lusts, makes that which is of the world his portion, and insists that his lusts be satisfied at any cost.

(2) entertains great thoughts about himself.

(3) has this proud disposition of the heart engendering a desire to be honoured and perceived as such.

(4) has himself in mind when he is or intends to be in presence of people.

(5) takes careful notice of what everyone says of him.

(6) will immediately be displeased at heart if, in his estimation, he is not loved, served, and revered according to his wishes.

(7) is envious of others if they receive more love and honour, and do more business than he does.

(8) becomes sorrowful and despondent if others do not fulfil his desires.

(9) will be a zealous Christian in the realm of religion, as long as he can gain love, honour, and profit--yes, he even wants to be counted among the most orthodox (III: 404-405).

Over against this we shall present a person who practices a great measure of self-denial - as is generally true for a godly person - so that everyone may perceive how it ought to be, may be enamoured with that condition, and endeavour to increase in it.

(1) A person who denies self desires no honour of men.

(2) The person who denies self does not desire love.

(3) The person who denies self also does not desire to be revered.

(4) A person who denies self also does not wish to be served.

(5) The person who denies self also does not desire riches (III: 406-408).

The Need for Self-Examination

The godly can also perceive hereby how much or how little of such self-denial they have. How much their heart still yearns for honour, love, respect, service, and the possessions of this world! Here their ulterior motives originate which at times pollute their very best works, cause them much grief, and rob them of all joy in their work (III: 409).

Oh, you who are godly, examine yourself closely. Seek to ascertain what it is that your heart still cleaves to and consider the abominableness of being self-focused and of such seeking of self (III: 409).

Exhortation to Self-Denial

It is thus necessary that we courageously resist our sinful self and endeavour to arrive at a disposition and propensity of inward self-denial, as well as the manifestation of self-denial in all circumstances which occur. Take the following to heart:

First, consider your own state. Who are you that you would pride yourself in anything and seek anything for yourself?

Secondly, what is it that you desire and cleave to?

Thirdly, believers, has not the Lord granted and laid away better things for you? The Lord has granted you that steadfast and durable benefit, consisting in the enjoyment of God, communion with Christ, the experience of peace and joy, and eternal glory.

Fourthly, it is a righteous thing to deny self as far as the things of the world are concerned, for all honor, reverence, service, and possessions are the Lord's; you are not entitled to them.

Fifthly, self-denial engenders great peace. All your restlessness is the result of a seeking of yourself.

Sixthly, a person who denies self has freedom, for he has nothing to lose. He fears neither shame, hatred, nor damage to his possessions, for he has renounced all this - and whatever the Lord has loaned to him he will readily return to Him if He requires this.

Seventhly, continually hold before you the example of the Lord Jesus and His saints. The Lord Jesus has denied Himself for your sake. Would you then not renounce self for His sake?

Eighthly, even though all that we possess is not ours, and even though all that pertains to the body is not worthy of attention, God nevertheless wants to reward abundantly for whatever one has renounced and relinquished upon His command out of loving obedience toward Him, and for His Name or for His cause (III: 409-412).

Final Advice for Those who Desire to Deny Self

If you are desirous to be in such a holy condition and have such liberty, and to be weaned from all and whatever the Lord wants us to be weaned from, then…do not imagine, however, that all has been accomplished if you have lively desires for that condition and activity, and now fully want to commit yourself to this, for your own "I" is strong. It was the first to reside in you and it does not readily want to depart. It is not so easy to deny self. Therefore, be aware of the strength of the old man and the weakness of the new man, and call upon the Lord for help and strength (III:412).

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